In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: SEV: Require in-GHCB scratch area if GHCB v2+ is in use As per the GHCB spec, when using GHCB v2+ require the software scratch area to reside in the GHCB's shared buffer. Note, things like Page State Change (PSC) requests _rely_ on this behavior, as the guest can't provide a length when making the request, i.e. the size of the guest payload is bounded by the size of the shared buffer. Failure to force usage of the GHCB, and a slew of other flaws, lets a malicious SNP guest corrupt host kernel heap memory, and leak host heap layout information. setup_vmgexit_scratch() allocates a buffer via kvzalloc(exit_info_2), where exit_info_2 is guest-controlled. With exit_info_2=24, this yields a 24-byte allocation in kmalloc-cg-32 (32-byte slab objects). The buffer holds an 8-byte psc_hdr followed by 8-byte psc_entry structs, so only entries[0] and entries[1] are in-bounds. snp_begin_psc() validates end_entry against VMGEXIT_PSC_MAX_COUNT (253) but NOT against the actual buffer size: idx_end = hdr->end_entry; if (idx_end >= VMGEXIT_PSC_MAX_COUNT) { // checks 253, not buffer snp_complete_psc(svm, ...); return 1; } for (idx = idx_start; idx <= idx_end; idx++) { entry_start = entries[idx]; // OOB when idx >= 2 The guest sets end_entry=10+, causing the host to iterate entries[2+] which are OOB into adjacent slab objects. For each OOB entry: - The host reads 8 bytes (OOB READ / info leak oracle) - If the data passes PSC validation, __snp_complete_one_psc() writes cur_page = 1 or 512 into the entry (OOB WRITE, sev.c:3806) - If validation fails, the error response reveals whether adjacent memory is zero vs non-zero (information disclosure to guest) The guest controls allocation size (exit_info_2), entry range (cur_entry/end_entry), and can fire unlimited VMGEXITs to repeatedly hit different slab positions. By exploiting the variety of bugs, a malicious SEV-SNP guest can: - OOB read adjacent kmalloc-cg-32 objects (heap layout disclosure) - OOB write cur_page bits into adjacent objects (heap corruption) - Trigger use-after-free conditions across VMGEXITs E.g. with KASAN enabled, a single insmod of the PoC guest module produces 73 KASAN reports: BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in snp_begin_psc+0x126/0x890 Read of size 8 at addr ffff888219ffb5e0 by task qemu-system-x86/2199 BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in snp_begin_psc+0x468/0x890 Write of size 8 at addr ffff888351566648 by task qemu-system-x86/2199 The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888XXXXXXXXX which belongs to the cache kmalloc-cg-32 of size 32 The buggy address is located N bytes to the right of allocated 32-byte region [ffff888XXXXXXXXX, ffff888XXXXXXXXX) Breakdown: 62 slab-out-of-bounds (reads + writes past allocation) 7 slab-use-after-free 4 use-after-free All credit to Stan for the wonderful description and reproducer! [sean: write changelog]

A vulnerability was found in jairiidriss restaurant-website-php-mysql up to 521428b5b612449df0cf4a5d15ee40cba67f3d35. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/ajax_files of the component AJAX Endpoint. Performing a manipulation results in missing authentication. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This product adopts a rolling release strategy to maintain continuous delivery. Therefore, version details for affected or updated releases cannot be specified. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A security flaw has been discovered in kirilkirkov Ecommerce-CodeIgniter-Bootstrap up to 222ff31c06687b1c6d0e1ab63953f82c3674c52b. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file application/modules/vendor/controllers/AddProduct.php of the component Vendor Multi-Image Endpoint. Performing a manipulation of the argument folder results in path traversal. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. This product is using a rolling release to provide continious delivery. Therefore, no version details for affected nor updated releases are available. The patch is named 2a9497ff11f36e573ad99e1c357ff0e6ded49745. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue.

A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Simple and Nice Shopping Cart Script 1.0. This affects an unknown function of the file /admin/login.php of the component Admin Login. The manipulation of the argument Username results in sql injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.

picklescan before 0.0.34 fails to detect the _operator.methodcaller built-in function when scanning pickle files for malicious code. Attackers can craft malicious pickle payloads using _operator.methodcaller that evade detection and execute arbitrary code when loaded by pickle.load().

Dancer2::Plugin::Auth::OAuth::Provider versions before 0.23 for Perl do not support the OAuth 2.0 state parameter. The authentication_url method builds the provider authorization redirect without issuing a state value, and the callback method exchanges the callback code and registers the resulting token into the session without verifying that the callback corresponds to an authorization request this session initiated. Any application that uses this plugin for OAuth 2.0 login is exposed to login cross-site request forgery: because the callback is not bound to the session that began the flow, an attacker who starts an authorization with their own provider account can deliver the resulting callback to a victim, causing the victim's session to complete the attacker's authorization and associating the attacker's provider identity and access token with that session. Where the application persists this as an account link, the attacker may retain access to the victim's account through their own provider credentials.

A vulnerability was detected in NousResearch hermes-agent up to 2026.5.16. This impacts the function extract_media of the file gateway/platforms/base.py of the component Live Webhook Endpoint. Performing a manipulation results in path traversal. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

picklescan before 0.0.33 fails to detect malicious pickle files using numpy.f2py.crackfortran.param_eval function in reduce methods, allowing attackers to bypass security checks. Remote attackers can embed undetected code in pickle files that executes during deserialization, enabling arbitrary code execution in applications loading untrusted pickle data.

picklescan before 0.0.33 fails to detect operator.methodcaller function calls in pickle files, allowing attackers to bypass security checks. Remote attackers can craft malicious pickle payloads using operator.methodcaller that execute arbitrary code when loaded, compromising systems relying on picklescan for validation.

A vulnerability was determined in SourceCodester Class and Exam Timetabling System 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /edit_course.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument ID can lead to sql injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.