An OS command injection vulnerability in the killSessionSync function (lib/agent-runtime.ts) of 23blocks-OS ai-maestro v0.24.17 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted input.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conntrack_irc: fix parse_dcc() off-by-one OOB read parse_dcc() treats data_end as an inclusive end pointer, but its only caller passes data_limit = ib_ptr + datalen, which points one past the last valid byte. The newline search loop iterates while tmp <= data_end, so when no newline is present, *tmp is read at tmp == data_end, one byte beyond the region filled by skb_header_pointer(). irc_buffer is kmalloc'd as MAX_SEARCH_SIZE + 1 bytes and datalen is capped at MAX_SEARCH_SIZE, so the stray read does not fault. The byte is uninitialized or stale; if it contains an ASCII digit, simple_strtoul will consume it and produce a wrong DCC IP or port in the conntrack expectation. The extra allocation byte is also a fragile guard: if the cap or allocation size changes, this becomes a real out-of-bounds read. Change the loop and its post-loop check to use strict less-than, consistent with the caller's exclusive-end convention. Update the function comment accordingly.

SvelteKit before 2.69.1 fails to properly validate remote form function payload sizes, allowing attackers to crash the Node process by sending large payloads. Repeated exploitation causes denial of service by repeatedly crashing the application process.

IGEL OS 12 before 12.9.0, 12.8.3 LTS and IGEL OS 11 before 11.11.150 contain a secure boot bypass vulnerability in the GRUB boot stage that allows physically present attackers to gain unauthorized root access by placing an unsigned empty file named igel.conf on a partition. Attackers can exploit GRUB's fail-open signature verification behavior to drop into an interactive GRUB prompt, then boot the device's own kernel with additional command-line arguments to obtain a root shell with the disk unlocked while leaving TPM PCR values unaltered.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: flowtable: avoid num_encaps underflow on bridge VLAN untag The DEV_PATH_BR_VLAN_UNTAG case post-decrements info->num_encaps inside WARN_ON_ONCE(). num_encaps is u8, so if it's already 0 the decrement still happens and wraps it to 255. The break only leaves the inner switch -- a later path entry can set info->indev back to a real device, and we end up returning with num_encaps == 255. nft_dev_forward_path() then walks info.encap[] (size 2) up to num_encaps, which means an OOB stack read and a bogus count copied into the route descriptor. Should only happen on a malformed bridge path stack, hence the WARN, but worth handling sanely. Move the decrement out of the WARN. [ While at this, remove the WARN_ON_ONCE since this can only happen with a buggy bridge path stack --pablo ].

IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.11.1 allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary operating system commands in the server process by saving a flow with a crafted type field value and triggering a build of a wrapper flow that references it. This allowed privilege escalation from "authenticated flow user" to arbitrary OS-level command execution under the server process identity, bypassing the LANGFLOW_ALLOW_CUSTOM_COMPONENTS=false policy control.

openNDS before 11.0.0 is susceptible to unauthenticated OS command execution via shell command injection through the fas query parameter on the /opennds_preauth/ endpoint because of libopennds.sh.

A pre-authentication stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the http_gdpr_decrypt function of TL-MR100 V3.20 due to insufficient bounds checking of encrypted requests to the /cgi/login endpoint. An adjacent unauthenticated attacker with access to the router's web management interface can trigger memory corruption and potentially achieve arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation can overwrite saved control-flow data on the httpd process stack prior to authentication, resulting in a service crash or potential arbitrary code execution in the context of the affected process.

Incorrect access control in the getStaticDhcpRules function of TOTOLINK T6 4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain static DHCP reservation rules via sending a crafted POST request to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi.

WordPress plugin (Bit Assist) before 1.7.2 is affected by Stored Cross-Site Scripting in Call-To-Action feature. An authenticated attacker with the privileged role (admin) can exploit this to redirect user to malicious site or control the account.