An unauthenticated command injection vulnerability in the /goform/fast_setting_internet_set endpoint of Tenda AC18 v15.03.05.05 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted payload injected into the mac parameter.

UltraVNC through 1.8.2.2 uses a cryptographically weak pseudo-random number generator to produce VNC authentication challenge bytes. In rfb/vncauth.c:119-129, the vncRandomBytes() function seeds libc rand() with time(0) + getpid() + rand() and generates a 16-byte challenge. The combined seed space is approximately 31 bits (libc rand() internal state) and is entirely determined by publicly-observable values (wall-clock time and process ID). An attacker who can observe the authentication exchange can enumerate the seed space and predict the challenge within seconds, enabling forgery or offline brute-forcing of responses. Note: on Windows, the active code path may use vncEncryptBytes2.cpp which calls CryptGenRandom; reachability on shipped Windows binaries requires compile-graph verification and is under investigation.

@fastify/middie versions 9.1.0 through 9.3.2 decode the encoded slash %2F inside path parameter values before matching middleware paths, while Fastify's underlying router preserves the encoding during route lookup. The two layers disagree on the canonical request path, so the middleware fails to match a URL that the route handler does match. When middleware is used for authentication, authorization, rate limiting, or auditing on parameterized paths, an attacker can reach the protected handler by sending a single crafted URL with an encoded slash in the parameter position. The bypass is HTTP method agnostic and requires no authentication or special preconditions. Patches: upgrade to @fastify/middie 9.3.3. Workarounds: avoid parameterized middleware paths for security decisions, or enforce authentication at the route handler or via a Fastify hook that runs after the router has resolved the request.

OS command injection in the NodejsFunction Docker bundling pipeline (OsCommand helper) in AWS aws-cdk-lib on all platforms might allow a actor who controls dependency version strings in a project's package.json file to execute arbitrary commands on the host running the CDK toolchain via injected shell metacharacters in the OsCommand helper. This issue requires the actor to control the content of a package.json dependency version string that is processed during Docker-based bundling with nodeModules specified. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to v2.260.0.

Craft CMS is a content management system (CMS). Versions 5.0.0-RC1 through 5.9.20, and 4.0.0-RC1 through 4.17.13 contain an authorization issue in the AssetsController::actionReplaceFile that can delete a source asset without source delete permission by supplying both assetId and sourceAssetId. AssetsController::actionReplaceFile() supports replacing a target asset file using another existing asset as the source. The action loads: assetId -> $assetToReplace and sourceAssetId -> $sourceAsset, then enforces replace permissions using ($assetToReplace ?: $sourceAsset). When both IDs are provided, this expression resolves to the target asset so no permission check is performed against the source asset volume. When both assets are present, Craft copies the source file into the target and then deletes the source asset. There is no deletion check for for the source asset. An authenticated user who can replace files in one volume can delete assets in another volume where they do not have delete permission, as long as they can obtain a sourceAssetId, leading to broken content references and data loss. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.17.14 and 5.9.21.

@acastellon/auth is an authentication control system for microservices. Versions prior to 2.3.0 appear to allow an unauthenticated authentication bypass in validateToken() through spoofable auth-user and Host request headers. The validateToken middleware contains a service-to-service bypass for auth-user: service-brother when req.get('host').startsWith(getHostName()). Both values involved in the check can be influenced by an unauthenticated HTTP client: auth-user is a request header, and Host is also client-controlled. As a result, a remote unauthenticated attacker can send a request with crafted headers and bypass token validation before the normal legacy/JWT/OIDC validation logic runs. A fix has been implemented in v2.3.0.

Uncontrolled Recursion (CWE-674) in Elasticsearch can lead to a denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An authenticated user can submit a specially crafted query that causes excessive resource consumption while the request is processed, which may render the affected node unavailable.

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in the HTTP/1.1 message parser in Apache HttpComponents Core (5.4.2 and earlier, 5.5-beta1 and earlier) allows an remote attacker to cause a denial of service through memory exhaustion by sending messages with excessive number of headers / excessive header length

UltraVNC repeater through 1.8.2.2 contains an integer overflow in the HTTP request logging path. In repeater/webgui/settings.c:336, the win_log() function allocates list nodes via malloc(sizeof(struct LIST) + strlen(line)), where line is derived from HTTP request URIs. If strlen(line) is sufficiently large, the addition overflows to a value smaller than sizeof(struct LIST), causing a heap allocation smaller than required. The subsequent strcpy of the full string into the undersized allocation produces a heap buffer overflow. In the current implementation this overflow is bounded by the HTTP receive buffer size (WI_RXBUFSIZE = 153600 bytes, well below SIZE_MAX on 32-bit builds), limiting practical exploitability to a partial heap write. A remote unauthenticated attacker can trigger the theoretical overflow path by sending a maximally-sized URI in an HTTP request to the repeater HTTP port.

The FV Flowplayer Video Player plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the 'video_player' shortcode 'align' attribute in all versions up to, and including, 7.5.51.7212 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.