Inappropriate implementation in CSS in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

The Zephyr net_buf library (lib/net_buf/buf.c) manipulated both of its reference counts -- the per-header buf->ref and the per-data-block ref_count at the start of each variable/heap data allocation -- with plain non-atomic C operators (buf->ref++, if (--buf->ref > 0), if (--(*ref_count))). The API is documented as self-synchronizing: callers may share one buffer across threads (e.g. via k_fifo) and each holder independently calls net_buf_unref() with no surrounding lock. Under true concurrency (SMP, or single-core preemption between the non-atomic load and store while another context unrefs the same buffer), two holders can both observe the same prior reference value and both conclude they are the last reference. For heap/variable-data pools (mem_pool_data_unref/heap_data_unref, used by zbus message subscribers, the IP stack RX/TX buffers when CONFIG_NET_BUF_FIXED_DATA_SIZE=n, capture, wireguard, ISO-TP and usbip) this produces a double k_heap_free()/k_free() of the same block -- heap-metadata corruption and a use-after-free on the heap-hardening poison pattern. For the per-header refcount the buffer is returned to the pool free LIFO twice for any pool type (including fixed-data pools used by Bluetooth and networking), corrupting the free list so a later allocation hands the same buffer to two owners. The fix converts both refcounts to atomic_inc/atomic_dec (overlaying buf->ref in an atomic_t-sized union and changing the data-block refcount from uint8_t to atomic_t). Impact is gated on genuine concurrency and on an application architecture that shares one buffer among multiple independent unref'ers; the trigger is a refcount/timing race rather than packet content, so an external attacker has at most weak indirect influence over the race window. Affects all Zephyr releases through v4.4.0.

Use after free in Journeys in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Inappropriate implementation in CustomTabs in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)

Inappropriate implementation in Autofill in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Use after free in IME in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Hono before 4.10.2 (fixed in 4.10.3) contains a flaw in its CORS middleware: when the origin is not set to "*", the middleware copies the Vary header from the incoming request into the response. Because Vary is a response header that should be managed by the server, an attacker can supply arbitrary Vary values that are reflected into the response, potentially causing cache key pollution and inconsistent CORS enforcement in environments that rely on shared caches or proxies.

Use after free in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)

Use after free in Omnibox in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)